Sefa Kanikizani Matope ndi Molasses Kompositi Njira Yopangira Feteleza

Sucrose imapanga 65-70% ya shuga padziko lonse lapansi.Kapangidwe kameneka kamafuna nthunzi yambiri ndi magetsi, ndipo imapanga zotsalira zambiri pamagawo osiyanasiyana opangakunthawi yomweyo.

Mkhalidwe Wopanga Sucrose Padziko Lonse

Pali mayiko opitilira zana padziko lonse lapansi omwe amapanga sucrose.Brazil, India, Thailand ndi Australia ndi omwe amapanga shuga wambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso amatumiza kunja.Kupanga shuga wopangidwa ndi mayikowa kumapangitsa pafupifupi 46% ya zomwe zimatuluka padziko lonse lapansi ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kumatumizidwa kunja kumapangitsa pafupifupi 80% yazogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi.Kupanga shuga wa ku Brazil ndi kuchuluka kwa zotumiza kunja kumakhala koyambirira padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa 22% ya sucrose pachaka padziko lonse lapansi komanso 60% yazogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi.

Shuga/Sugarcane By-products ndi Mapangidwe

Pokonza nzimbe, kupatula zinthu zazikulu monga shuga woyera ndi shuga wofiirira, pali zinthu zitatu zazikuluzikulu:nzimbe, matope oponderezedwa, ndi molasi wa blackstrap.

◇Nzimbe Bagasse:
Bagasse ndi zotsalira za nzimbe kuchokera ku nzimbe pambuyo pochotsa madzi a nzimbe.Nzimbe za nzimbe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino popanga feteleza wachilengedwe.Komabe, popeza bagasse ndi pafupifupi cellulose yoyera ndipo imakhala ndi michere yambiri, si feteleza yotheka, kuwonjezera zakudya zina ndizofunikira kwambiri, makamaka zinthu zobiriwira, ndowe za ng'ombe, manyowa a nkhumba ndi zina zotero. chovunda.

◇Sugar Mill Press Mud:
Matope oponderezedwa, chotsalira chachikulu cha kupanga shuga, ndicho chotsalira pochiritsa madzi a nzimbe mwa kusefa, kuŵerengera 2% ya kulemera kwa nzimbe wophwanyidwa.Amatchedwanso matope opondereza nzimbe, matope opondereza nzimbe, matope osefera nzimbe, keke yosefa nzimbe, matope osefa nzimbe.
Keke yosefera (matope) imayambitsa kuipitsa kwakukulu, ndipo m'mafakitale angapo a shuga imatengedwa ngati chiwonongeko, kubweretsa mavuto pakuwongolera ndi kutaya komaliza.Imawononga mpweya ndi madzi apansi panthaka ngati mutaunjika matope osefa mwachisawawa.Chifukwa chake, chithandizo chamatope ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri pamadipatimenti oyeretsera shuga komanso oteteza zachilengedwe.

Kugwiritsa ntchito matope osindikizira a fyuluta
Kwenikweni, chifukwa chokhala ndi zinthu zambiri za organic ndi mchere zomwe zimafunikira pakudya kwa mbewu, keke ya fyuluta yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza m'maiko angapo, kuphatikiza Brazil, India, Australia, Cuba, Pakistan, Taiwan, South Africa, ndi Argentina.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choloweza m'malo mwa feteleza wamchere wathunthu kapena pang'ono pakulima nzimbe, komanso kulima mbewu zina.

Kufunika kwa Sefa Press Mud Monga Feteleza wa Kompositi
Chiŵerengero cha zokolola za shuga ndi matope a fyuluta (madzi 65%) ndi pafupifupi 10: 3, ndiko kunena kuti matani 10 a shuga amatulutsa matope amtundu wa 1 toni.Mu 2015, kuchuluka kwa shuga padziko lonse lapansi ndi matani 0.172 biliyoni, pomwe Brazil, India ndi China akuyimira 75% yapadziko lonse lapansi.Akuti pafupifupi matani 5.2 miliyoni a matope osindikizira amapangidwa ku India chaka chilichonse.
Musanadziwe momwe mungasamalire zosefera matope kapena kanikizani keke, Tiyeni tiwone zambiri za kapangidwe kake kuti yankho lotheka lipezeke posachedwa!

Thupi ndi kapangidwe kake ka matope a Nzimbe:

Kuwona kuchokera pamwamba, matope a Press ali ndi michere yambiri ya organic ndi mineral, kuphatikiza 20-25% ya organic carbon.Matope opopera alinso ndi potaziyamu, sodium, ndi phosphorous.Ndi gwero lolemera la phosphorous ndi organic matter ndipo lili ndi chinyezi chachikulu, chomwe chimapangitsa kukhala feteleza wamtengo wapatali wa kompositi!Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati fetereza, mu mawonekedwe osakonzedwa ndi okonzedwa.Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukweza mtengo wake wa feteleza
zikuphatikizapo kompositi, mankhwala ndi tizilombo ndi kusakaniza ndi distillery effluents

◇Nzimbe Molasses:
Molasses ndi chinthu chomwe chimasiyanitsidwa ndi shuga wa 'C' panthawi ya centrifuging ya makhiristo a shuga.Zokolola za molasses pa tani imodzi ya nzimbe zimakhala pakati pa 4 mpaka 4.5%.Amatumizidwa kunja kwa fakitale ngati chinthu chotayira.
Komabe, molasi ndi wabwino, gwero lachangu la mphamvu ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono komanso moyo wanthaka mu mulu wa kompositi kapena m'nthaka.Molasses ali ndi 27: 1 carbon to nitrogen ration ndipo ali ndi 21% yosungunuka mpweya.Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika kapena kupanga ethanol, monga chopangira chakudya cha ng'ombe, komanso ngati feteleza wa "molasses".

Peresenti ya zakudya zomwe zimapezeka mu Molasses

Sefa Njira Yopangira Matope & Molasses Kompositi Yopangira Feteleza

◇Kompositi
Choyamba matope osindikizira shuga (87.8%), zinthu za carbon (9.5%) monga ufa wa udzu, ufa wa udzu, majeremusi, chinangwa cha tirigu, mankhusu, utuchi etc., molasi (0.5%), superphosphate imodzi (2.0%), matope a sulfure (0.2%), anasakanizidwa bwino ndi kuunjikidwa pafupifupi 20m m’litali pamwamba pa nthaka, 2.3-2.5m m’lifupi ndi 5.6m m’mwamba mu mawonekedwe a semicircle. data ya parameter ya chotembenuza kompositi chomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito)

Milu iyi idapatsidwa nthawi yoti ipangidwe ndikumaliza chimbudzi kwa masiku 14-21.Panthawi yophatikizika, chisakanizocho chimasakanizidwa, kutembenuzidwa ndikuthirira pakatha masiku atatu aliwonse kuti chinyontho chikhale cha 50-60%.Kutembenuza kompositi kunkagwiritsidwa ntchito potembenuza njira kuti ikhale yofanana ndi kusakaniza bwino.(malangizo: kompositi windrow turner imathandizira wopanga feteleza kusakaniza ndikusintha kompositi mwachangu, kukhala yabwino komanso yofunikira pamzere wopangira feteleza)
Kusamala kwa Fermentation
Ngati chinyezi chili chambiri, nthawi yowotchera imatalikitsidwa.Kuchepa kwa madzi mumatope kungayambitse kuwira kosakwanira.Kodi kuweruza ngati kompositi okhwima?Kompositi wokhwima amakhala ndi mawonekedwe otayirira, imvi mtundu (wopukutidwa kukhala taupe) komanso wopanda fungo.Pali kutentha kosasinthasintha pakati pa kompositi ndi malo ozungulira.Chinyezi cha kompositi sichidutsa 20%.

◇Granulation
Zinthu zofufumitsazo zimatumizidwa kuChatsopano organic fetereza granulatorkuti apange granules.

◇Kuyanika/Kuziziritsa
Ma granules adzatumizidwa kuMakina owumitsa ng'oma ya Rotary, apa molasi (0.5 % ya zopangira zonse) ndi madzi ayenera kupopera musanalowe mu chowumitsira.Chowumitsira ng'oma chozungulira, chotengera ukadaulo wowumitsa ma granules, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga ma granules pa kutentha kwa 240-250 ℃ ndikuchepetsa chinyezi mpaka 10%.

◇Kuwunika
Pambuyo pa granulation ya kompositi, imatumizidwa kumakina a rotary drum screen.Avereji ya kukula kwa feteleza wa zamoyo ayenera kukhala 5mm m'mimba mwake kuti mlimi asavutike komanso phula labwino kwambiri.Ma granules okulirapo ndi ocheperako amasinthidwanso ku granulation unit.

◇Kupaka
Zogulitsa za kukula kofunikira zimatumizidwa kumakina onyamula katundu, kumene amadzaza m'matumba mwa kudzidzaza okha.Ndiyeno potsiriza mankhwala amatumizidwa kumadera osiyanasiyana kuti agulitse.

Zosefera Zosefera Matope & Molasses Kompositi Feteleza

1. Kusalimbana ndi matenda komanso udzu wochepa:
Munthawi yamankhwala amatope a shuga, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timachulukana mwachangu ndikupanga maantibayotiki ambiri, mahomoni ndi ma metabolites ena enieni.Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza m'nthaka, kumatha kulepheretsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kukula kwa udzu, kumathandizira kuti tizirombo ndi matenda.Dothi lonyowa losefa popanda mankhwala ndi losavuta kupatsira mabakiteriya, mbewu za udzu ndi mazira ku mbewu ndikusokoneza kukula kwake).

2. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza:
Popeza nthawi yowotchera ndi masiku 7-15 okha, imasunga zakudya zamatope zomwe zimasefa momwe zingathere.Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, timasintha zinthu zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuti zilowe mu zakudya zogwira mtima.Feteleza wa matope amtundu wa shuga amatha kusewera bwino feteleza mwachangu ndikubwezeretsanso michere yofunika kuti mbewu zikule.Choncho, feteleza Mwachangu amasunga nthawi yaitali.

3. Kulima nthaka yachonde ndi kukonza nthaka:
Pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamankhwala amodzi kwa nthawi yayitali, zinthu za m'nthaka zimadyedwa pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Mwanjira imeneyi, zomwe zili mu enzyme zimachepetsa ndipo colloidal imawonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yovuta, acidification ndi salinization.Feteleza wa matope osefera amatha kulumikizanso mchenga, dongo lotayirira, kulepheretsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kubwezeretsanso chilengedwe cha nthaka, kumapangitsa kuti nthaka isalowerere komanso kusunga madzi ndi zakudya.
4. Kupititsa patsogolo zokolola ndi ubwino wake:
Mukathira feteleza wa organic, mbewu zimakhala ndi mizu yokhazikika komanso masamba amphamvu amasamba, omwe amathandizira kumera kwa mbewu, kukula, maluwa, fruiting ndi kukhwima.Zimathandizira kwambiri maonekedwe ndi mtundu wa zinthu zaulimi, zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa nzimbe ndi kukoma kwa zipatso.Sefa matope bio-organic fetereza ntchito monga basal General ndi pamwamba kuvala.M'nyengo yakukula, perekani feteleza wocheperako pang'ono.Ikhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa za kukula kwa mbewu ndikufikira cholinga choyang'anira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka.

5. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri paulimi
Kugwiritsa ntchito ngati feteleza woyambira ndikuwonjezera nzimbe, nthochi, mtengo wazipatso, mavwende, masamba, tiyi, maluwa, mbatata, fodya, forage, ndi zina.