Ngakhale kuti ulimi wa nkhuku wakhala ukuchulukirachulukira ku Africa kwa zaka zambiri, wakhala ntchito yaing'ono.Komabe, m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, yakhala bizinesi yayikulu, pomwe amalonda ambiri achichepere akulozera phindu lowoneka bwino lomwe amapeza.Nkhuku zoposera 5 000 tsopano zachuluka koma kusamuka kwa nkhuku zochuluka kwadzetsa nkhawa anthu pa nkhani yotaya zinyalala.Nkhaniyi, yosangalatsa, imaperekanso mwayi wamtengo wapatali.
Kupanga kwakukulu kwabweretsa zovuta zambiri, makamaka zokhudzana ndi kutaya zinyalala.Mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono sakopa chidwi chochuluka kuchokera kwa oyang'anira zachilengedwe koma ntchito zamabizinesi ndi nkhani za chilengedwe zimafunikira kutsatira miyezo yofanana yachitetezo cha chilengedwe.
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti vuto la zinyalala za manyowa likupereka alimi mwayi wothetsa vuto lalikulu: kupezeka ndi mtengo wa mphamvu.M’maiko ena a mu Afirika, mafakitale ambiri amadandaula chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa magetsi ndipo anthu ambiri okhala m’tauni amagwiritsa ntchito majenereta chifukwa magetsi ndi osadalirika.Kusintha kwa manyowa a zinyalala kukhala magetsi pogwiritsa ntchito ma biodigester kwakhala chiyembekezo chosangalatsa, ndipo alimi ambiri akutembenukirako.
Kusandulika kwa zinyalala za manyowa kukhala magetsi ndikoposa bonasi, chifukwa magetsi ndi chinthu chosowa m’maiko ena a ku Africa.Biodigester ndi yosavuta kusamalira, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wololera, makamaka mukayang'ana phindu la nthawi yayitali
Kuphatikiza pa mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi, komabe, zinyalala za biogas, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi polojekiti ya biodigester, zidzaipitsa chilengedwe mwachindunji chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, kuchuluka kwa ammonia nitrogen ndi organic matter, komanso mtengo wamayendedwe, chithandizo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. apamwamba.Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti zinyalala za biogas zochokera ku biodigester zili ndi mtengo wabwino wobwezeretsanso, ndiye timagwiritsa ntchito bwanji zinyalala zonse za biogas?
Yankho ndi fetereza wa biogas.Zinyalala za biogas zili ndi mitundu iwiri: imodzi ndi yamadzimadzi (biogas slurry), yomwe imawerengera pafupifupi 88% ya onse.Chachiwiri, zotsalira zolimba (zotsalira za biogas), zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi 12% ya chiwerengero chonse.Pambuyo pochotsa zinyalala za biodigester, ziyenera kutenthedwa kwa nthawi (kuwiritsa kwachiwiri) kuti zolimba ndi zamadzimadzi zikhale zosiyana mwachilengedwe.Cholimba - cholekanitsa chamadzimadziangagwiritsidwenso ntchito kulekanitsa madzi ndi olimba zotsalira biogas zinyalala.Biogas slurry muli michere zinthu monga kupezeka nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, komanso kufufuza zinthu monga nthaka ndi chitsulo.Malinga ndi kutsimikiza, ndi biogas slurry lili okwana asafe 0.062% ~ 0.11%, ammonium asafe 200 ~ 600 mg/kg, phosphorous 20 ~ 90 mg/kg zilipo, potaziyamu 400 ~ 1100 mg/kg.Chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yachangu, kuchuluka kwa michere yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito michere, ndipo imatha kutengeka mwachangu ndi mbewu, ndi mtundu wa feteleza wabwinoko angapo mwachangu.Olimba biogas zotsalira fetereza, michere zinthu ndi biogas slurry ali chimodzimodzi, munali 30% ~ 50% organic kanthu, 0,8% ~ 1.5% nayitrogeni, 0,4% ~ 0,6% phosphorous, 0,6% ~ 1.2% potaziyamu, komanso wolemera mu humic asidi kuposa 11%.Humic acid akhoza kulimbikitsa mapangidwe nthaka akaphatikiza dongosolo, kuonjezera chonde nthaka posungira ndi zotsatira, kusintha nthaka thupi ndi mankhwala katundu, nthaka amelioration kwenikweni n'zoonekeratu.Chikhalidwe cha biogas zotsalira fetereza ndi chimodzimodzi monga ambiri organic fetereza, amene ali mochedwa zotsatira fetereza ndipo ali bwino yaitali kwenikweni.
Ukadaulo wopanga pogwiritsa ntchito biogasslurrykupanga feteleza wamadzimadzi
The biogas slurry amapopa mu makina kuswana majeremusi kwa deodorization ndi nayonso mphamvu, ndiyeno thovu biogas slurry anapatukana kudzera olimba-zamadzimadzi kulekana chipangizo.Madzi olekanitsa amaponyedwa mu elemental complexing riyakitala ndipo zinthu zina za feteleza wamankhwala zimawonjezedwa kuti zitheke.The complexing anachita madzi amapopedwa mu kulekana ndi mpweya dongosolo kuchotsa insoluble zosafunika.Madzi olekanitsa amapoperedwa mu ketulo ya elemental chelating, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimafunikira ndi mbewu zimawonjezedwa kuti zichitike.Zomwezo zikamalizidwa, madzi a chelate adzaponyedwa mu thanki yomalizidwa kuti amalize kubotolo ndikuyika.
Ukadaulo wopanga kugwiritsa ntchito zotsalira za biogas kupanga feteleza wachilengedwe
The olekanitsidwa biogas zotsalira anali wothira udzu, keke fetereza ndi zipangizo zina wophwanyidwa kwa kukula winawake, ndipo okhutira anali kusintha kwa 50% -60%, ndi C/N chiŵerengero chinasinthidwa 25:1.Mabakiteriya a Fermentation amawonjezeredwa muzinthu zosakanikirana, kenako zinthuzo zimapangidwira mulu wa kompositi, m'lifupi mwa muluwo si osachepera 2 mamita, kutalika sikuchepera 1 mamita, kutalika kwake sikuli malire, ndi thanki. aerobic nayonso mphamvu njira angagwiritsidwe ntchito.Samalani kusintha kwa chinyezi ndi kutentha panthawi yowotcha kuti mpweya ukhale mu muluwo.Kumayambiriro kwa nayonso mphamvu, chinyezi sichiyenera kukhala chocheperapo 40%, apo ayi sichithandiza kukula ndi kubereka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo chinyezi sichiyenera kukhala chokwera kwambiri, chomwe chidzakhudza mpweya wabwino.Kutentha kwa mulu kukakwera kufika pa 70 ℃, ndiye kuti makina opangira kompositiayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza muluwo mpaka utawola.
Kukonza kwakuya kwa feteleza wa organic
Pambuyo nayonso mphamvu zakuthupi ndi kusasitsa, mungagwiritse ntchitozida zopangira feteleza organiczakuya processing.Choyamba, amapangidwa kukhala powdery organic fetereza.Thenjira yopanga powdery organic feterezandi yosavuta.Choyamba, zinthuzo zimaphwanyidwa, ndiyeno zonyansa zomwe zili muzinthuzo zimafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito amakina owonera, ndipo potsiriza paketiyo ikhoza kumalizidwa.Koma processing mugranular organic fetereza, ndondomeko ya granular organic kupanga ndizovuta kwambiri, chinthu choyamba kuphwanya, kuchotsa zonyansa, zinthu za granulation, ndiyeno particleskuyanika, kuziziritsa, zokutira, ndipo potsiriza malizitsanikuyika.Njira ziwiri zopangira zimakhala ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zake, njira yopanga feteleza wa ufa ndi yosavuta, ndalamazo ndizochepa, zoyenera ku fakitale ya feteleza yomwe yangotsegulidwa kumene,Granular organic fetereza kupangandizovuta, ndalamazo ndizokwera, koma feteleza wa granular organic sizovuta kugwirizanitsa, kugwiritsa ntchito ndikosavuta, mtengo wachuma ndi wapamwamba.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-18-2021