Chitukuko cha ulimi wobiriwira chiyenera choyamba kuthetsa vuto la kuipitsa nthaka.Mavuto omwe amapezeka m'nthaka ndi awa: kuphatikizika kwa dothi, kusalinganiza kwa chiŵerengero cha michere ya m'nthaka, kuchepekera kwa zinthu zomwe zili m'nthaka, kulima kosaya, kuthirira kwa nthaka, kuthira mchere m'nthaka, kuipitsa nthaka ndi zina zotero.Kuti nthaka ikhale yoyenera kumera mizu ya mbeu, m'pofunika kuwongolera momwe nthaka ilili.Wonjezerani zinthu zomwe zili m'nthaka, onjezerani dothi kuti likhale lophatikizana, ndi kuchepetsa zinthu zovulaza m'nthaka.
Manyowa opangidwa ndi organic amapangidwa ndi zotsalira za nyama ndi zomera, atafufuzidwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu, amachotsa zinthu zapoizoni ndi zovulaza.Ndiwolemera mu kuchuluka kwa zinthu organic, kuphatikizapo: zosiyanasiyana organic zidulo, peptides, nayitrogeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu.Zakudya zopatsa thanzi.Ndi feteleza wobiriwira amene amathandiza mbewu ndi nthaka.
Kuchuluka kwa chonde komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nthaka ndi zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri kuti mbewu ziwonjezeke.Nthaka yathanzi ndi yofunika kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri.Chiyambireni kukonzanso ndi kutsegulira, ndikusintha kwachuma chadziko langa, feteleza wambiri wamankhwala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo athandizira kwambiri pakukula kwazakudya, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, nthaka yabwino ikuwonongekanso, zimawonekera makamaka m'makhalidwe atatu awa:
1. Dothi lolimira limacheperachepera.Mavuto a kuphatikizika kwa nthaka ndi ofala.
2. Zomwe zili m'nthaka ndizochepa.
3. Acid-base ndi yoopsa kwambiri.
Ubwino wothira feteleza wa organic m’nthaka:
1. Feteleza wa organic amakhala ndi michere yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imathandizira kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino, imathandizira kuyamwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito michere ya m'nthaka ndi mbewu, ndikuletsa kusalinganika kwa michere ya nthaka.Ikhoza kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu ya mbewu ndi kuyamwa kwa michere.
2. Feteleza wachilengedwe amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, zomwe ndi chakudya cha tizilombo tosiyanasiyana m'nthaka.Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe, kumapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino, nthaka yachonde kwambiri, mphamvu yosunga nthaka, madzi, ndi feteleza imakhala yolimba, mpweya wabwino umayenda bwino, ndipo mizu ya mbewu imamera bwino.
3. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa feteleza wa mankhwala ndi feteleza wa organic kungapangitse kuti nthaka ikhale yolimba, kusintha bwino acidity ndi alkalinity ya nthaka, kuti acidity ya nthaka isachuluke.Kuphatikizika kwa feteleza wachilengedwe ndi feteleza wamankhwala kumatha kuthandizirana, kukwaniritsa zosowa zambewu zambewu munyengo zosiyanasiyana zakukula, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yazakudya.
Zopangira za feteleza organic ndizochuluka, makamaka motere:
1. Manyowa a ziweto: monga nkhuku, nkhumba, abakha, ng’ombe, nkhosa, akavalo, akalulu, ndi zina zotero, zotsalira za nyama monga nsomba, chakudya cha mafupa, nthenga, ubweya, manyowa a silika, biogas digesters, ndi zina zotero.
2. Zinyalala zaulimi: udzu wa mbewu, rattan, ufa wa soya, ufa wa rapeseed, ufa wa thonje, ufa wa loofah, ufa wa yisiti, zotsalira za bowa, ndi zina zotero.
3. Zinyalala za mafakitale: mbewu za distillers, zotsalira za viniga, zotsalira za chinangwa, matope a sefa, zotsalira za mankhwala, zotsalira za furfural, etc.
4. Dongosolo la Municipal: matope a mtsinje, matope, matope, matope a m'nyanja, matope a nyanja, humic acid, turf, lignite, sludge, phulusa la ntchentche, ndi zina zotero.
5. Zinyalala zapakhomo: zinyalala zakukhitchini, etc.
6. Zoyengedwa kapena zowonjezera: zokolola zam'madzi zam'madzi, nsomba za nsomba, etc.
Chiyambi cha chachikuluzida za mzere wopanga feteleza wa organic:
1. Makina a kompositi: Makina otembenuzira amtundu, makina otembenuza amtundu wa crawler, makina otembenuza unyolo ndi makina oponya
2. Fertilizer crusher: chophwanyira chonyowa chonyowa, chophwanya choyimirira
3. Chosakaniza feteleza:chosakaniza chopingasa, chosakaniza poto
4.Zida zowonera kompositi: makina owonera ng'oma
5. Feteleza granulator: chogwetsera mano, chivundikiro cha disc, granulator yotulutsa, ng'oma granulator
6. Zipangizo zowumitsira: chowumitsira ng'oma
7. Zida zamakina ozizira: ng'oma ozizira
8. Zida zothandizira kupanga: Makina ojambulira okha, forklift silo, makina odzaza okha, makina ophatikizira chophimba
Chodzikanira: Zina mwazinthu zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi zikuchokera pa intaneti ndipo ndizongongowona.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-21-2021