Manyowa achilengedwendi feteleza wopangidwa kuchokera ku manyowa a ziweto ndi nkhuku kudzera mu kupesa kwa kutentha kwambiri, komwe kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri pakuwongolera nthaka ndikulimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa feteleza.
Kupangaorganic fetereza, ndi bwino kumvetsetsa kaye makhalidwe a nthaka m'dera limene amagulitsidwa, ndiyeno malinga ndi momwe nthaka ilili m'deralo ndi zosowa za zakudya zomwe zimagwira ntchito, sakanizani mwasayansi zipangizo monga nitrogen, phosphorous; potaziyamu, kufufuza zinthu, bowa, ndi zinthu za organic kuti zigwirizane ndi wogwiritsa ntchito Ndi kuwonetsetsa kuti alimi apeza phindu lokhazikika.
Pazofunikira zazakudya za mbewu zamalonda zotsatirazi: Deta imachokera pa intaneti kuti ingogwiritsidwa ntchito kokha
1. tomato:
Malingana ndi miyeso, pa makilogalamu 1,000 a tomato opangidwa, 7.8 kg ya nayitrogeni, 1.3 kg ya phosphorous, 15.9 kg ya potaziyamu, 2.1 kg ya CaO, ndi 0,6 kg ya MgO ndiyofunika.
Dongosolo la kuyamwa kwa chinthu chilichonse ndi: potaziyamu>nitrogen>calcium>phosphorous>magnesium.
Feteleza wa nayitrojeni ayenera kukhala wofunikira kwambiri pa mbande, ndipo chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa pakugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa phosphorous kulimbikitsa kukula kwa tsamba ndi kusiyanitsa maluwa.
Chotsatira chake, mu nthawi yapamwamba, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe a feteleza kunawerengera 50% -80% ya mayamwidwe onse.Pamaziko a nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu okwanira, chakudya cha phosphorous chiyenera kuchulukitsidwa, makamaka pakulima kotetezedwa, ndipo chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa pakupereka nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu.Pa nthawi yomweyi, feteleza wa carbon dioxide, calcium, magnesium, boron, sulfure, chitsulo ndi zinthu zina zapakati ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa.Kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa trace element sikungowonjezera zokolola zokha, komanso kuwongolera bwino ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwazinthu.
2. nkhaka:
Malinga ndi miyeso, 1,000 kg iliyonse ya nkhaka iyenera kuyamwa N1.9-2.7 kg ndi P2O50.8-0.9 kg kuchokera m'nthaka.K2O3.5-4.0 kg.Chiŵerengero cha kuyamwa kwa nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu ndi 1:0.4:1.6.Nkhaka zimafuna potaziyamu kwambiri panthawi yonse yakukula, kenako nayitrogeni.
3. biringanya:
Pa makilogalamu 1,000 aliwonse a biringanya opangidwa, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi 2.7-3.3 kg ya nayitrogeni, 0.7-0.8 kg ya phosphorous, 4.7-5.1 kg ya potaziyamu, 1.2 kg ya calcium oxide, ndi 0.5 kg ya magnesium oxide.Njira yoyenera ya fetereza iyenera kukhala 15:10:20..
4. udzu winawake:
Chiŵerengero cha nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu, kashiamu, magnesium, ndi udzu winawake pa nthawi yonse ya kukula ndi pafupifupi 9.1:1.3:5.0:7.0:1.0.
Nthawi zambiri, 1,000 kg ya udzu winawake imapangidwa, ndipo kuyamwa kwa zinthu zitatu za nayitrogeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu ndi 2.0 kg, 0.93 kg, ndi 3.88 kg motsatana.
5. sipinachi:
Sipinachi ndi masamba omwe amakonda feteleza wa nitrate nayitrogeni.Ngati chiŵerengero cha nayitrogeni cha nitrate ndi ammonium nitrogen chikuposa 2:1, zokolola zimachuluka.Kuti apange 1,000 kg ya sipinachi, pamafunika 1.6 kg ya nayitrogeni yoyera, 0.83 kg ya phosphorous pentoxide, ndi 1.8 ya potassium oxide.kg.
6. mavwende:
vwende imakhala ndi nthawi yocheperako ndipo imafunikira feteleza wocheperako.Pa makilogalamu 1,000 aliwonse a vwende opangidwa, pafupifupi 3.5 kg ya nayitrojeni, 1.72 kg ya phosphorous ndi 6.88 kg ya potaziyamu amafunikira.Powerengedwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka feteleza, chiŵerengero cha zinthu zitatu mu umuna weniweni ndi 1:1:1.
7. tsabola:
Tsabola ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimafuna fetereza wambiri.Imafunika pafupifupi 3.5-5.4 kg ya nayitrogeni (N), 0.8-1.3 kg ya phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5), ndi 5.5-7.2 kg ya potaziyamu oxide (K2O) pa 1,000 kg iliyonse yopanga.
8. ginger wamkulu:
Makilogilamu 1,000 aliwonse a ginger watsopano amayenera kuyamwa makg 6.34 a nayitrogeni weniweni, 1.6 kg wa phosphorous pentoxide, ndi 9.27 kg wa potassium oxide.Dongosolo la kuyamwa kwa michere ndi potaziyamu> nayitrogeni> phosphorous.Mfundo ya feteleza: Ikaninso feteleza wa organic ngati feteleza woyambira, kuphatikiza ndi kuchuluka kwa feteleza wapawiri, feteleza wapawiri makamaka feteleza, ndipo chiŵerengero cha nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu ndichomveka.
9. kabichi:
Kuti apange 5000 kg ya kabichi waku China pa mu, amafunika kuyamwa 11 kg ya nayitrogeni (N), 54.7 kg ya phosphorous (P2O5), ndi 12.5 kg ya potaziyamu (K2O) kuchokera m'nthaka.Chiŵerengero cha atatuwa ndi 1:0.4:1.1.
10. yam:
Pa 1,000 kg iliyonse ya tubers, 4.32 kg ya nayitrogeni yoyera, 1.07 kg ya phosphorous pentoxide, ndi 5.38 kg ya potaziyamu okusayidi amafunikira.Chiŵerengero cha nayitrogeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu chofunika ndi 4:1:5.
11. mbatata:
Mbatata ndi mbewu za tuber.Pa 1,000 kg iliyonse ya mbatata yatsopano, 4.4 kg ya nayitrogeni, 1.8 kg ya phosphorous, ndi 7.9 kg ya potaziyamu imafunika.Ndi mbewu zokonda potaziyamu.Zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa zokolola ndi potaziyamu> nayitrogeni> phosphorous, ndipo nthawi yakukula kwa mbatata ndi yochepa.Zotulutsa zake ndizambiri ndipo kufunikira kwa feteleza woyambira ndikwambiri.
12. scallions:
Zokolola za anyezi wobiriwira zimadalira kutalika ndi makulidwe a pseudostems.Chifukwa anyezi obiriwira ngati feteleza, pamaziko ogwiritsira ntchito feteleza wokwanira woyambira, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika molingana ndi lamulo la feteleza wofunikira nthawi iliyonse yakukula.Pa makilogalamu 1,000 aliwonse a anyezi obiriwira amamwa pafupifupi 3.4 kg wa nayitrogeni, 1.8 kg wa phosphorous, ndi 6.0 kg wa potaziyamu, ndi chiŵerengero cha 1.9:1:3.3.
13. adyo:
Garlic ndi mtundu wa mbewu zomwe zimakonda potaziyamu ndi sulfure.Pa kukula kwa adyo, zofunikira za nayitrogeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu, koma phosphorous wocheperako.Pa ma kilogalamu 1,000 aliwonse a ma tubers a adyo, pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 4.8 a nayitrogeni, ma kilogalamu 1.4 a phosphorous, ma kilogalamu 4.4 a potaziyamu, ndi ma kilogalamu 0,8 a sulfure amafunikira.
14. Leeks:
Ma Leeks amalimbana ndi chonde, ndipo kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka.Kawirikawiri, pa 1000kg iliyonse ya leeks, N1.5—1.8kg, P0.5—0.6kg, ndi K1.7—2.0kg imafunika.
15. Kaya:
Pakati pa zinthu zitatu za feteleza, potaziyamu amafunikira kwambiri, ndikutsatiridwa ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, ndi feteleza wochepera wa phosphorous.Nthawi zambiri, chiŵerengero cha nayitrogeni: phosphorous: potaziyamu mu ulimi wa taro ndi 2:1:2.
16. karoti:
Pa 1,000 kg iliyonse ya kaloti, 2.4-4.3 kg ya nayitrogeni, 0.7-1.7 kg ya phosphorous ndi 5.7-11.7 kg ya potaziyamu.
17 radish:
Pa 1,000 kg iliyonse ya radish yomwe imapangidwa, imayenera kuyamwa N2 1-3.1 kg, P2O5 0.8-1.9 kg, ndi K2O 3.8-5.6 kg kuchokera pansi.Chiŵerengero cha atatuwa ndi 1:0.2:1.8.
18. lofa:
Loofah imakula mofulumira, imakhala ndi zipatso zambiri, ndipo imakhala yachonde.Pamafunika 1.9-2.7 kg wa nitrogen, 0.8-0.9 kg wa phosphorous, ndi 3.5-4.0 kg wa potaziyamu kuchokera m'nthaka kuti apange 1,000 kg ya loofah.
19. Nyemba za Impso:
Nayitrogeni, nyemba za impso ngati feteleza wa nayitrogeni wa nitrate.Kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni sikuli bwino.Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nayitrogeni kumathandizira kukulitsa zokolola ndikuwongolera bwino.Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kumayambitsa maluwa ndi kuchedwa kukhwima, zomwe zingakhudze zokolola ndi phindu la nyemba za impso.Phosphorous, phosphorous ndi gawo lofunikira pakupanga maluwa komanso kupanga ma pod a impso rhizobia.
Kuperewera kwa phosphorous kumayambitsa kukula ndi kukula kwa mbewu za impso ndi rhizobia, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyemba zamaluwa, nyemba zocheperako ndi njere, ndikuchepetsa zokolola.Potaziyamu, potaziyamu mwachionekere zingakhudze kukula ndi chitukuko cha impso nyemba ndi mapangidwe zokolola.Kusakwanira kwa feteleza wa potaziyamu kumachepetsa kupanga nyemba za impso ndi 20%.Ponena za kupanga, kuchuluka kwa feteleza wa nayitrogeni kuyenera kukhala koyenera.Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu kumakhala kochepa, zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa potaziyamu sizidzawoneka.
Magnesium, nyemba za impso zimakhala ndi kusowa kwa magnesium.Ngati m'nthaka mulibe magnesiamu wokwanira, kuyambira mwezi umodzi mutabzala nyemba za impso, choyamba m'masamba oyambira, pomwe chlorosis imayamba pakati pa mitsempha ya tsamba loyamba loona, imayamba kukula mpaka masamba apamwamba, omwe amakhala pafupifupi. 7 masiku.Zimayamba kugwa ndipo zokolola zimachepa.Molybdenum, trace element Molybdenum ndi gawo lofunikira la nitrogenase ndi nitrate reductase.Mu physiological metabolism, imatenga nawo gawo pakupanga kwachilengedwe kwa nayitrogeni ndipo imalimbikitsa kagayidwe kazakudya ka nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous muzomera.
20. maungu:
Mayamwidwe a michere ya dzungu ndi mayamwidwe ake amasiyana pakukula ndi kukula kwake.Kupanga kwa maungu 1000 kg kumafunika kuyamwa 3.5-5.5 kg ya nitrogen (N), 1.5-2.2 kg ya phosphorous (P2O5), ndi 5.3-7.29 kg ya potaziyamu (K2O).Maungu amayankha bwino feteleza wachilengedwe monga manyowa ndi kompositi
21. mbatata:
Mbatata imagwiritsa ntchito mizu yapansi panthaka ngati chinthu chachuma.Malinga ndi kafukufuku, 1,000 kg iliyonse ya mbatata yatsopano imafuna nitrogen (N) 4.9—5.0 kg, phosphorous (P2O5) 1.3—2.0 kg, ndi potaziyamu (K2O) 10.5—12.0 kg.Chiŵerengero cha nayitrogeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu ndi pafupifupi 1:0.3:2.1.
22. thonje:
Kukula bwino kwa thonje kumadutsa mu siteji ya mbande, mphukira, siteji ya maluwa, siteji ya kulavulira ndi zina.Nthawi zambiri, 100 kg ya lint yopangidwa pa 667 masikweya mita imayenera kuyamwa 7-8 kg ya nitrogen, 4-6 kg ya phosphorous, ndi 7-15 ya potaziyamu.kilogalamu;
Makilo 200 a lint opangidwa pa masikweya mita 667 amafunika kuyamwa ma kilogalamu 20-35 a nayitrogeni, ma kilogalamu 7-12 a phosphorous, ndi ma kilogalamu 25-35 a potaziyamu.
23. Konjac:
Nthawi zambiri, ma kilogalamu 3000 a feteleza pa mu + 30 kilogalamu ya feteleza wa potaziyamu wambiri.
24. Kakombo:
Ikani feteleza wovunda ≥ 1000 kg pa 667 masikweya mita pachaka.
25. Aconite:
Pogwiritsa ntchito 13.04 ~ 15.13 kg ya urea, 38.70 ~ 44.34 kg ya superphosphate, 22.50 ~ 26.46 kg ya potaziyamu sulfate ndi 1900 ~ 2200 kg ya manyowa ovunda pa mu, pali chitsimikiziro cha 95% cha zokolola kuposa 95%. angapezeke.
26. Bellflower:
Ikani feteleza wovunda ≥ matani 15 pa ha.
27. Ophiopogon:
Kuchuluka kwa feteleza wachilengedwe: 60 000 ~ 75 000 kg/ha, fetereza wa organic ayenera kuwola kwathunthu.
28. mita jujube:
Nthawi zambiri, pa 100 kg iliyonse yamasamba atsopano, 1.5 kg ya nayitrogeni, 1.0 kg ya phosphorous ndi 1.3 kg ya potaziyamu imafunika.Munda wa zipatso wa jujube wokhala ndi zokolola zokwana 2500 kg pa mu umodzi umafunika 37.5 kg wa nitrogen, 25 kg wa phosphorous ndi 32.5 kg wa potaziyamu.
29. Ophiopogon japonicus:
1. Feteleza wapansi ndi 40-50 kg pa mu imodzi ya feteleza wapakati ndi 35% ya nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.
2. Ikani feteleza wa nayitrogeni wambiri, phosphorous wochepa ndi potaziyamu (wokhala ndi chlorine) wothirira pa mbande za Ophiopogon japonicus.
3. Kuthira feteleza wa potaziyamu sulphate wokhala ndi chiŵerengero cha N, P, ndi K 15-15-15 pa kuvala kwachiwiri pamwamba ndi 40-50 kg pa mu;
Onjezani ma kilogalamu 10 a feteleza wa monoammonium ndi potashi pa mu, ndikusakaniza feteleza wa monoammonium ndi potashi ndi feteleza wocheperako (potaziyamu dihydrogen phosphate, feteleza wa boron) mofanana.
4. Thirani feteleza wochepa wa nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu sulphate wambiri katatu pa mavalidwe apamwamba, 40-50 kg pa muyeso, ndi kuwonjezera 15 kg wa potassium sulphate.
30. Kugwiririra:
Pa 100KG iliyonse ya mbewu zogwiriridwa, imayenera kuyamwa 8.8 ~ 11.3KG ya nayitrogeni.Phosphorus 3–3 kuti ipange 100KG ya mbewu zodyera imafunika kuyamwa 8.8~11.3KG ya nayitrojeni, 3–3KG ya phosphorous, ndi 8.5–10.1KG ya potaziyamu.Chiŵerengero cha nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu ndi 1:0.3: 1
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Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-27-2021