Mtundu wa Groove Composting Turner Makinandi makina omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa aerobic fermentation ndi zida zotembenuza kompositi.Zimaphatikizapo mashelufu a groove, njanji yoyenda, chipangizo chosonkhanitsira mphamvu, chotembenuza ndi chida chosinthira (chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamatanki ambiri).Gawo logwira ntchito la makina otembenuza kompositi amatengera kufalikira kwapamwamba, komwe kumatha kukwezedwa komanso osakwezeka.Mtundu wonyamulika umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazochitika zantchito ndi m'lifupi mwake osapitilira 5 metres ndi kuya kosapitilira 1.3 metres.
Mapangidwe ndi kupanga kwa mzere wathu wonse wopanga feteleza wa organic.Zida zopangira zida zimaphatikizanso chophatikizira chamitundu iwiri, granulator yatsopano ya feteleza, chowumitsira, choziziritsa kuzizira, makina opukutira sieve, makina opukutira a unyolo, cholumikizira lamba, makina onyamula okha ndi zida zina zothandizira.
Feteleza wachilengedwe amatha kupangidwa ndi zotsalira za methane, zinyalala zaulimi, manyowa a ziweto ndi nkhuku ndi zinyalala zamatauni.Zinyalalazi ziyenera kukonzedwanso zisanasanduke feteleza wamalonda wamtengo wapatali wogulitsidwa.Ndalama zosinthira zinyalala kukhala chuma ndi zaphindu.
Njira yopangira feteleza wachilengedwe ndiyoyenera:
-- Kupanga feteleza wa ndowe za ng’ombe
-- Kupanga feteleza wa ndowe za ng’ombe
-- Kupanga feteleza wa feteleza wa nkhumba
-- Kupanga feteleza wa feteleza wa nkhuku ndi bakha
-- Kupanga manyowa a nkhosa ndi feteleza wachilengedwe
- Kupanga feteleza wachilengedwe pambuyo pochotsa zinyalala zam'matauni..
1. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga fermentation ndi kuchotsa madzi m'mafakitale a feteleza, feteleza wophatikizika, mafakitale otaya zinyalala, minda yamaluwa ndi minda ya bowa.
2. Yoyenera ku fermentation ya aerobic, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi ndi zipinda zowotchera za dzuwa, matanki a fermentation ndi ma shifters.
3. Zogulitsa zomwe zimapezedwa kuchokera pakutentha kwambiri kwa aerobic fermentation zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza dothi, kubiriwira kwamunda, chivundikiro chamatope, ndi zina zambiri.
Zinthu Zofunika Kuwongolera Kukhwima kwa Kompositi
1. Kuwongolera kwa chiŵerengero cha carbon-nitrogen (C/N)
C/N yoyenera kuwola kwa organic matter ndi tizilombo tambiri ndi pafupifupi 25:1.
2. Kuwongolera madzi
Kusefedwa kwamadzi kwa kompositi popanga kwenikweni kumayendetsedwa pa 50% ~ 65%.
3. Kuwongolera mpweya wa kompositi
Mpweya wabwino wa okosijeni ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuchita bwino kwa kompositi.Nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti mpweya mu mulu ndi woyenera 8% ~ 18%.
4. Kuwongolera kutentha
Kutentha ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chokhudza kugwira ntchito bwino kwa tizilombo ta kompositi.Kutentha kwa manyowa a kompositi yotentha kwambiri ndi 50-65 degrees C, yomwe ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakadali pano.
5. Kuwongolera mchere wa Acid (PH).
PH ndi chinthu chofunikira chomwe chimakhudza kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.PH ya kusakaniza kwa kompositi iyenera kukhala 6-9.
6. Kudziletsa monunkha
Pakalipano, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti tichotse fungo.
1, manyowa azinyama: manyowa a nkhuku, manyowa a nkhumba, manyowa a nkhosa, manyowa a ng’ombe, manyowa a akavalo, manyowa a akalulu, ndi zina zotero.
2. Zinyalala za mafakitale: mphesa, viniga wosasa, zotsalira za chinangwa, zotsalira za shuga, zinyalala za biogas, zotsalira za ubweya, etc.
3. Zinyalala zaulimi: udzu wa mbewu, ufa wa soya, ufa wa thonje, ndi zina zotero.
4. Zinyalala zapakhomo: zinyalala zakukhitchini
5. Sludge: matope a m'tauni, matope a mitsinje, matope a fyuluta, ndi zina zotero.
Njira yopangira feteleza wachilengedwe imaphatikizapo: kugaya zinthu zopangira → kuwira → kusakaniza zosakaniza (kusakaniza ndi zinthu zina za organic-inorganic, NPK≥4%, organic matter ≥30%) → granulation → ma CD.Zindikirani: mzere wopangirawu ndi wongotchula chabe.
Sitingangopereka dongosolo la mzere wa feteleza wathunthu wa organic, komanso kupereka chida chimodzi pakuchitapo kanthu malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni.
1. Njira yopangira feteleza wachilengedwe imatengera luso lapamwamba la kupanga, lomwe limatha kumaliza kupanga feteleza wachilengedwe panthawi imodzi.
2. Landirani granulator yatsopano yovomerezeka ya feteleza wa organic, yokhala ndi granulation yayikulu komanso mphamvu ya tinthu tambiri.
3. Zopangira zopangidwa ndi feteleza organic zitha kukhala zinyalala zaulimi, manyowa a ziweto ndi nkhuku ndi zinyalala zapakhomo zam'tawuni, ndipo zopangirazo zimatha kusintha kwambiri.
4. Kugwira ntchito mokhazikika, kukana kwa dzimbiri, kukana kuvala, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, moyo wautali wautumiki, kukonza bwino ndi ntchito, etc.
5. Kuchita bwino kwambiri, phindu labwino lazachuma, zinthu zochepa komanso regranulator.
6. Kukonzekera kwa mzere wopanga ndi kutulutsa kungasinthidwe malinga ndi zofuna za makasitomala.
Zida zopangira feteleza wa organic zimaphatikizapo zida zoyatsira, chosakanizira chawiri-axis, makina atsopano a organic fetereza granulation, choumitsira, chowumitsa ng'oma, makina owonera ng'oma, silo, makina oyika okha, chopondapo chalamba, cholumikizira lamba, ndi zina zambiri.
Njira yopanga feteleza wachilengedwe:
1) njira nayonso mphamvu
Dumper yamtundu wa chilala ndi chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwotchera.The grooved stacker imakhala ndi thanki yowotchera, njanji yoyenda, makina amagetsi, chipangizo chosinthira ndi makina ambiri.Gawo logubuduza limayendetsedwa ndi odzigudubuza apamwamba.Zipsepse za Hydraulic zimatha kuwuka ndikutsika momasuka.
2) ndondomeko ya granulation
A mtundu watsopano wa organic fetereza granulator chimagwiritsidwa ntchito organic fetereza granulation.Ndi granulator yapadera ya zipangizo monga ndowe za nyama, zipatso zowola, peels, masamba obiriwira, feteleza wobiriwira, feteleza wa m'nyanja, feteleza waulimi, zinyalala zitatu, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zinthu zina zowonongeka.Ili ndi maubwino a kuchuluka kwa granulation, magwiridwe antchito okhazikika, zida zokhazikika komanso moyo wautali wautumiki, ndipo ndi chisankho chabwino popanga feteleza wachilengedwe.Nyumba yamakinawa imatenga chitoliro chopanda msoko, chomwe chimakhala cholimba komanso sichimapunduka.Kuphatikizidwa ndi kapangidwe ka doko lachitetezo, magwiridwe antchito a makinawo amakhala okhazikika.Mphamvu yopondereza ya granulator yatsopano ya feteleza ndi yayikulu kuposa ya disk granulator ndi drum granulator.The tinthu kukula akhoza kusinthidwa malinga ndi zofuna za makasitomala.Granulator ndiyoyenera kwambiri kutulutsa zinyalala zachindunji pambuyo poyatsa, kupulumutsa kuyanika ndikuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zopangira.
3) kuyanika ndi kuzizira ndondomeko
Chinyezi cha tinthu tating'ono pambuyo pa granulator ndi granulator ndichokwera kwambiri, chifukwa chake chiyenera kuwumitsidwa kuti chikwaniritse mulingo wamadzi.Chowumitsira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuuma tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala ndi chinyezi komanso kukula kwa tinthu popanga feteleza wa organic pawiri.Kutentha kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono titatha kuyanika kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo kuyenera kuziziritsidwa kuti feteleza asagwe.Choziziracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poziziritsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono titatha kuyanika ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi chowumitsira chozungulira, chomwe chingathandize kwambiri kuzizira, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya ntchito, kuwonjezera zokolola, kuchotsanso chinyezi cha particles ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa feteleza.
4) ndondomeko yowonetsera
Popanga, kuti atsimikizire kufanana kwa chinthu chomalizidwa, tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono timayenera kuyang'aniridwa musanapake.Makina opukutira sieving ndi zida wamba zosefera popanga feteleza wapawiri ndi feteleza wachilengedwe.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulekanitsa zinthu zomalizidwa ndi zophatikiza zosagwirizana ndikukwaniritsanso gulu lazomaliza.
5) ma CD ndondomeko
Makina oyikapo akatha kutsegulidwa, chodyetsa mphamvu yokoka chimayamba kugwira ntchito, kunyamula zinthuzo muzitsulo zoyezera, ndikuziyika m'thumba kudzera pa hopper yoyezera.Kulemera kukafika pamtengo wokhazikika, wodyetsa mphamvu yokoka amasiya kuthamanga.Wogwiritsa ntchito amachotsa zinthu zomwe zapakidwa kapena kuyika chikwamacho pa chonyamulira lamba ku makina osokera.